Letter Requesting An Emergency Rental - 1019 Words

Mr. Norton, I have been waiting patiently to hear back from you since receiving your last correspondence Wednesday, March 9, 2016 at 10:22 AM. At that time you told me that all your rentals were currently completely but and that you are requesting an emergency rental from I assume the corporate office said that the recall work can be fulfilled on our van. I can’t think of a single reason as to why I haven’t heard from you since than even if it was a simple update on the status and that you are still working hard to obtain a rental for us. On March 22, 2016 I had a friend call your office requesting an event or of an accessible van for the dates April 11, 2016 through April 15, 2016. She was told that there was a vehicle available during that time in which my friend responded that they would call back to finalize the booking. Needless to say, my friend didn’t book the rental and we only did this to see if you were really trying your hardest to remedy my issue. I can only come to one of two conclusions at this point. Is there whoever answered the phone made a mistake about the availability of the rental or you haven’t been trying to resolve the issues and get the recall work done on our van as you promised. Hopefully, for your sake and is the first of the two conclusions. This entire issue is become ridiculous and so is a complete lack of professionalism from the office branch of Mobilityworks! It is inexcusable that what started by a phone call by us on September 1, 2015Show MoreRelatedPublic Health Command Europe ( Phce ) Travel Program1718 Words   |  7 Pages(DMM): Ute Stangl, DSN (314) 590-9765 or Civ 06371-9464-97658126 -143-or email ute.stangl.ln@mail.mil . Alternate: Annette Schmitt, (314) 590-4893 email annette.v.schmitt2.ln@mail.mil SATO Government Travel Office: Civ 06371-61870, Caroline, Anja. Emergency numbers: In Germany – 0800-181-2515 CONUS – 1-866-206-6055. 4. PHCE Travel Program. The PHCE Travel Program operates on multiple levels. Each sub-organization within PHCE will appoint an individual as an Organizational Defense Travel AdministratorRead MoreComputer Software Packages And Administrative Office Automation2140 Words   |  9 PagesCreated and maintained 10 Excel worksheets that supported a vast array of requirements to include personnel administration, data and statistic logs, and future planning schedules. Obtained and securely stored employee names, social security numbers, emergency contact information as well as other necessary information. Generated a daily and weekly worksheet that inventoried employee specific manpower hours and consumable usage, which were inputted into access database monthly. 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Army management control process. This regulation does not contain management control provisions. Supplementation. Supplementation

Essay on Rap Music - 2280 Words

Rap is a popular type of music in todays society, but it didnt just come to be. In the 1970s rap emerged from other types of music to become what it is today. Rap is influenced and inspired by other types of music. Its influences are closely related to each other. Rap music has derived from various types of music. In a world in which people are constantly confronted with violent acts such as rape, assault, murder, school shootings and other violences, society is eager and anxious to find and remove all causes of these cultural ills. All the blame can not be put on one particular thing but a heavier degree of blame can be put on one thing. Some of the violent acts listed above are expressed through music. Gangster rap, which followed†¦show more content†¦Style and originality were important in writing. Graffiti writing wasnt just an act of fun. It was taken very seriously. By the late 1970s graffiti writing could be found on subway cars, trains, buildings and any other large objects that would allow it to be widely visible. Jamaican music and hip hop can be referred to as cousins. One style of Jamaican music is called toasting. At first Jamaican toasting began when DJs would toast over the music they played with simple slogans to encourage the dancers. Some of these simple slogans were Work it, Work it and Move it up (qtd in Rhodes). The term toast meant words or slogans that a DJ would say over the music to encourage dancers. These words spoken over music were related to words spoken over music in rap. Unlike these simple words and slogans that Jamaicans used, the words used over music in rap are more developed. Jamaican disc jockeys talked over the music they played. Music in Jamaica was played at blues dances. Blues dances took place in large halls or slum yards. As toasting popularity increased, so did the lengths of toasts. Shortly after toasting came dubbing. DJs that dubbed cut back and forth between vocal and instrumental tracks while adjusting bass and treble. Rap and toasting both rely on pre recorded sounds. You need a strong beat rapped and a strong beat toasted. Rap relies more on a hard funk strong beat while Jamaicans relied on beat from JamaicanShow MoreRelated Rap Music Is Not Music Essay1786 Words   |  8 PagesRap Music Is Not Music Describing the (disenchanting) chanting of â€Å"Rap Music† as singing or as music is indeed (in either case) a capital misnomer. Real Music is the careful arrangement of organized sounds in the form of notes that then result in a smooth blend of rhythm, tone, and pitch that when united, is quite pleasing to the ear. Rap is not music. The unpleasant-sounding horror is chaotic dissonance and certainly not elegant consonance. Rap is veritable noise pollution that is tastelesslyRead MoreEssay on Rap Music2073 Words   |  9 Pagesoutlet is the loud blaring music coddling his already pent-up rage, an escape from these harsh realities, seducing him to a life of violence. In him is created a â€Å"me against the world† mentality that is manifested in the rap and hip-hop music that dominates his culture. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Among the most common subjects of rap and hip-hop is violence and misogyny. They emphasize these two as inevitable regularities of the life lived in the streets. Their music reflects this fact by promotingRead MoreInside Rap Music Essay631 Words   |  3 PagesInside Rap Music Music, like mass media and television, has such a powerful influence on our society. People think rap music is very negative towards society, which is not the case. Rappers teach people about possible consequences a person may encounter if they choose the same route. Rappers tell their life experience through their songs. Rap music does not influence violence; it educates people on what is going on in the lives of urban people. When someone mentions rap music, the firstRead More Violence In Rap Music Essay2087 Words   |  9 Pages Boom, boom! Boom, boom! The kind of bass that drains batteries and the kind of lyrics that unload clips, these are the sounds that rap music produces. I chose this topic because I am extremely interested in rap music and I want to explore the violent aspect of the industry. I have never had a chance to look at the violent side of it and I plan to find answers to questions I have in my search. Tupac Shakur is one of my favorite artists and when he was shot and killed I really started to take noticeRead More Freedom of Expression and Rap Music Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesare protected under the First Amendment. Rap music should not be restricted on the television despite much controversy over the idea. Bok says that some acts cause debates, although people may disagree with it doesnt mean it should be taken away. There should be no restrictions held against playing of rap music. Music that we listen to constructs the sound track of our lives. The number one killer in creative speech is censorship. Censorship in music is a topic that has brought about much controversyRead MoreHip-hop and Rap Music Essay641 Words   |  3 PagesHip-hop and Rap Music Often times when people hear about Hip Hop/Rap music, theyll paint a picture in their heads of black men cussing, guns, marijuana, lots of gold, and girls looking like prostitutes. Parents and teachers put an image in their kids head that Rap music is bad, and they dont want their kids to be influenced by something that is negative. With the way Rap music is advertised in the US, I would have to agree with that looking at it from an average parents point ofRead More Music Essay - America Needs Rap and Hip Hop1366 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica Needs Rap and Hip Hop Ever since it became popular in the late eighties, hip-hop music has been a target of moral disapproval. Many critics have labeled the music as an offensive, vulgar, misogynist form of expression, which negatively influences its listeners, particularly children. Early in rap musics development concerned citizens and various government officials held protests against the release of certain rap albums. Rap musics opponents demanded strict censorship. ButRead MoreRap Music and the Sexualization of Women Essay2219 Words   |  9 Pagesdance floor in the backyard, the loud, unfamiliar music, and the disco lights. It did not take long for the party to get started. Boys and girls alike started to make their way to the makeshift dance floor, immediately dancing on one another. I was absolutely taken away as girls that I had known for four years bent over and began to press their backsides up against boys, grinding on the boys as if it were an everyday activity as degrading music b lared out of the speakers, as if they were not awareRead MoreNegative Effects of Rap Music Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages Is today â€Å"Gangster rap† and rappers corrupting society, introducing drugs and provoking violence? In the mid-1980s Gangster rap came to be depicting images of violence, guns, gangs, drugs, and sexism. By the 1990s rap music became a major part of the industry and topped the charts. As people began to want different things; different music was created and that contributed to the variety of music that we have today. 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Econometrics Stocks of Microsoft Outperforms

Question: Discuss about the Econometrics for Stocks of Microsoft Outperforms. Answer: 1. Stocks of Microsoft outperforms or under performs in the market. Solution A stock can be identified as underperformed stock or out performed stock based on the value of alpha of the regression equation. On performing the regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft from January 1998 to December 2008, the following solution was observed. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.584179 R Square 0.341265 Adjusted R Square 0.336197 Standard Error 0.089101 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.534676 0.534676 67.34784 1.94E-13 Residual 130 1.032074 0.007939 Total 131 1.56675 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008773 0.007755 1.131246 0.260034 -0.00657 0.024116 -0.00657 0.024116 rm-rf 1.320997 0.160968 8.206573 1.94E-13 1.002541 1.639454 1.002541 1.639454 Table 1: Output of regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft (Source: created by author) The value of alpha of this regression equation is 0.008773, which is greater than 0. Since the value of alpha greater than zero indicates that the stock outperforms consistently, it could be interpreted that the stocks of Microsoft outperforms consistently. 2. Evaluation of the claim that Microsoft is an aggressive stock Solution A stock is said to be an aggressive stock when the beta value of the stock is greater than one as the variation of the stock is more. The stock is said to be a defensive stock when the beta value of the stock is less than one as the variation of the stock is less. In the regression equation of the stocks of Microsoft from January 1998 to December 2008, it was seen that the value of beta was 1.320997, which is greater than one (Seber and Lee 2012). Thus, it can be interpreted that the stocks of Microsoft (a Tech stock) is an aggressive stock as the beta value of this stock is greater than one. 3. Evaluation of the claim that the stocks of Mobil-Exxon are a defensive stock Solution A stock is said to be a defensive stock if the beta value of the stock is less than one which indicates that the variation of the stock is less. On performing regression equation of the stocks of Mobil-Exxon (xom), the following result had been found. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.376656 R Square 0.14187 Adjusted R Square 0.135269 Standard Error 0.049673 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.053029 0.053029 21.49221 8.53E-06 Residual 130 0.320757 0.002467 Total 131 0.373786 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.010556 0.004323 2.441511 0.015971 0.002002 0.019109 0.002002 0.019109 rm-rf 0.416019 0.089737 4.63597 8.53E-06 0.238485 0.593554 0.238485 0.593554 Table 2: Output of Regression equation of the stocks of xom (Source: created by author) The value of beta coefficient of this regression equation is 0.416019, which is greater than one. This suggests that the variation of the stock is high (Cameron and Trivedi 2013). Thus, the claim that the stocks of Mobil-Exxon (xom) are defensive is not true. This is because the value of the stocks is not less than one. 4. The table is filled as per the results of regression equation at 95% confidence interval for the stocks given. SUMMARY OUTPUT (dis) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.538186 R Square 0.289644 Adjusted R Square 0.28418 Standard Error 0.068417 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.248122 0.248122 53.00681 2.83E-11 Residual 130 0.608522 0.004681 Total 131 0.856644 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.001526 0.005955 0.256295 0.798128 -0.01026 0.013307 -0.01026 0.013307 rm - rf 0.899889 0.123601 7.280578 2.83E-11 0.655358 1.144419 0.655358 1.144419 Table 3: Regression output table of dis (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (ge) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.623297 R Square 0.388499 Adjusted R Square 0.383795 Standard Error 0.054897 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.248906 0.248906 82.5917 1.45E-15 Residual 130 0.391781 0.003014 Total 131 0.640687 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.001509 0.004778 0.315749 0.7527 -0.00794 0.010962 -0.00794 0.010962 rm - rf 0.90131 0.099176 9.087997 1.45E-15 0.705103 1.097518 0.705103 1.097518 Table 4: Regression output table of ge (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (gm) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.479893 R Square 0.230298 Adjusted R Square 0.224377 Standard Error 0.112137 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.489115 0.489115 38.89646 5.8E-09 Residual 130 1.634723 0.012575 Total 131 2.123838 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept -0.00887 0.00976 -0.90923 0.364914 -0.02818 0.010435 -0.02818 0.010435 rm - rf 1.263461 0.202585 6.236702 5.8E-09 0.862671 1.664251 0.862671 1.664251 Table 5: Regression output table of gm (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (ibm) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.636171 R Square 0.404714 Adjusted R Square 0.400135 Standard Error 0.070081 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.43408 0.43408 88.38246 2.47E-16 Residual 130 0.63848 0.004911 Total 131 1.07256 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008527 0.0061 1.397893 0.164526 -0.00354 0.020595 -0.00354 0.020595 rm - rf 1.190259 0.126607 9.401195 2.47E-16 0.939782 1.440736 0.939782 1.440736 Table 6: Regression output table of ibm (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (xom) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.376656 R Square 0.14187 Adjusted R Square 0.135269 Standard Error 0.049673 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.053029 0.053029 21.49221 8.53E-06 Residual 130 0.320757 0.002467 Total 131 0.373786 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.010556 0.004323 2.441511 0.015971 0.002002 0.019109 0.002002 0.019109 rm - rf 0.416019 0.089737 4.63597 8.53E-06 0.238485 0.593554 0.238485 0.593554 Table 7: Regression output table of xom (Source: created by author) SUMMARY OUTPUT (msft) Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.584179 R Square 0.341265 Adjusted R Square 0.336197 Standard Error 0.089101 Observations 132 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 0.534676 0.534676 67.34784 1.94E-13 Residual 130 1.032074 0.007939 Total 131 1.56675 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 0.008773 0.007755 1.131246 0.260034 -0.00657 0.024116 -0.00657 0.024116 rm - rf 1.320997 0.160968 8.206573 1.94E-13 1.002541 1.639454 1.002541 1.639454 Table 8: Regression output table of msft (Source: created by author) The above finding would help to frame the table given below: ^ 95% Confidence Interval for Lower bound Upper bound Microsoft 1.3189 1.002541 1.639454 GE 0.8993 0.705103 1.097518 GM 1.2614 0.862671 1.664251 IBM 1.1882 0.939782 1.440736 Disney 0.8978 0.655358 1.144419 XOM 0.4140 0.238485 0.593554 Table 9: results of the estimation (Source: created by author) 5. Interpretation of 95% confidence interval of GE, GM, Disney in terms of their risk profile Solution The beta value of GE was found to be 0.8993. The lower bound of 95% confidence interval was found to be 0.705103 while the upper bound was found to be 1.097518. The value of beta was found to be less than one (Kleinbaum et al. 2013). This can be interpreted that there is less deviation in the stocks of GE, which shows that the stocks of GE is defensive. Also, the confidence interval of this stock have the lower bound in the defensive region and it eventually changes to aggressive region in the upper bound. The beta value of the stocks of GM was found to be 1.2614. The value of the lower bound of 95% confidence interval is 0.8626 and the value of the upper bound is 1.664251. Since the beta value of the stock is greater than one, the stocks of GM are aggressive (Montgomery et al. 2015). The beta value of the stocks of Disney was 0.8978, which is less than one. The lower bound of the 95% confidence interval is 0.655358 while the value of upper bound is 1.144419. The stocks of Disney are defensive as the value of beta is less than one. This indicates that there is less variation among the stocks of Disney. 6. Choice of three stocks from the above Solution The investor seeks three stocks that have well diversified risk profiles. This indicates that the stocks must be aggressive and beta value of the chosen three stocks must be greater than one. This is because aggressive stocks indicate greater variation in the stocks which also indicates that the risk profiles are well diversified. From the above calculations it was seen Microsoft, GM and IBM are the three stocks that would be suitable for the investor. This is because the beta values of these three stocks are greater than one and they are aggressive stocks. Part II Explanation of expected excess returns of the stocks Solution The regression equation shows that the stocks of dis have the beta coefficient of 1.007 of the market premium. This shows that the stocks of dis would be influenced positively by the factor of 1.007 by market premium. The coefficient of size premium and value premium is given by -0.00041 and 0.002923 respectively. This indicates that the size premium would influence the stocks of dis negatively by a factor 0.00041 and value premium would influence if positively by a factor 0.002923. The regression equation of ge shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 0.9567, -0.00564, -0.00209. This shows that market premium influences the stocks of ge positively by a factor 0.9567 while the other two factors influence the stocks negatively by a factor of 0.00564 and 0.00209 respectively (Draper and Smith 2014). The regression equation of gm shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.57, -0.00082 and 0.008574 respectively. This shows that market premium and value premium influence the stocks of gm positively by a factor of 1.57 and 0.008574 respectively. The factor of size premium influences the stocks of gm negatively by a factor of -0.00082. The regression equation of ibm shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.1493, -0.00219, -0.00267. This shows that the factor of market premium influences the stocks of ibm positively by a factor of 1.1493 while size premium and value premium influence the stocks negatively by a factor of -0.00219 and -0.00267 respectively. The regression equation of msft shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 1.035, -0.00354 and -0.01084. This shows that the market premium influences the shares of msft positively by a factor of 1.035 while the size premium and the value premium influences the stocks negatively by a factor of -0.00354 and -0.01084 respectively (Draper and Smith 2014). The regression equation of xom shows that the value of coefficients of market premium, size premium and value premium are 0.5490, -0.00175, and 0.002786. This shows that the market premium and value premium influences the stocks of xom positively by a factor of 0.5490 and 0.002786 respectively while the factor of size premium influence the stocks of xom negatively by a factor of 0.00175. 2. Testing of hypothesis using f-test for dis Solution F-test was done for the variable dis to test the claim that dis is unrelated to size and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. The hypothesis of this test is as follows: H0 : dis is unrelated to size premium H1 : dis is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances dis smb Mean 0.001378697 0.308864 Variance 0.006539264 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000394144 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.749410102 Table 10: f-test of disand smb (Source: created by author) Here, the value of F is less than the critical value of F; i.e. 0.000394144 0.749410102. Since, the f value of the test is less than the critical F value, the null hypothesis is accepted and it can be interpreted that dis is unrelated to size premium. The hypothesis of this F-test is as follows: H0 : dis is unrelated to value premium H1 : dis is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances dis hml Mean 0.001378697 0.360606 Variance 0.006539264 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000461088 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.749410102 Table 11: f-test of disand hml (Source: created by author) The table shows that the F value of the test is 0.000461088, which is less than the critical value of F of the test 0.749410102. It shows that the null hypothesis is accepted and dis is unrelated to value premium. 3. Hypothesis test of xom using f-test Solution Hypothesis test would be done in order to test the claim that the size and value premium do not affect the stocks of xom in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. F-test would be used in this case. The following hypothesis would be given for this test. H0 : xom is unrelated to value premium H1 : xom is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances xom hml Mean 0.010488 0.360606 Variance 0.002853 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000201 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 12: f-test of xom and hml (Source: created by author) The table shows that the f value of the test is less than the critical value of the test; i.e. 0.000201 0.74941. This leads to the acceptance of null hypothesis and it can be interpreted that xom is unrelated to value premium. The following hypothesis would be used to test the relationship between stocks of xom and the size premium. H0 : xom is unrelated to size premium H1 : xom is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances xom smb Mean 0.010488 0.308864 Variance 0.002853 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000172 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 13: f-test of xom and smb (Source: created by author) F-test shows that the f value of the test is 0.000172 and the critical value of the test is 0.74941 (Sen and Srivastava 2012). This shows that the F value of the test is less than the critical value. The null hypothesis is accepted in this case and xom is unrelated to size premium. 4. Hypothesis test of msft to test the claim that it has same sensitivity to the size premium and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model Solution F-test would be used to test the claim that it has same sensitivity to the size premium and value premium in context of the coefficients of Fama-French model. The hypothesis of the test is as follows: H0 : msft is unrelated to size premium H1 : msft is related to size premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances msft smb Mean 0.008557 0.308864 Variance 0.01196 16.59104 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000721 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 14: f-test of msft and smb (Source: created by author) The f value of the test is 0.000721 which is less than the critical value of the test 0.74941. This leads to the acceptance of null hypothesis and msft is unrelated to size premium. The hypothesis of the test is as follows: H0 : msft is unrelated to value premium H1 : msft is related to value premium The table below provides the result of this f-test: F-Test Two-Sample for Variances msft hml Mean 0.008557 0.360606 Variance 0.01196 14.18226 Observations 132 132 df 131 131 F 0.000843 P(F=f) one-tail 0 F Critical one-tail 0.74941 Table 15: f-test of msft and hml (Source: created by author) The f value of the test is 0.000843 and the critical value of the test is 0.74941 (Sanderson and Windmeijer 2016). The f value of the test is less than the critical value of the test. This leads to acceptance of null hypothesis and msft is unrelated to value premium. References Cameron, A.C. and Trivedi, P.K., 2013. Regression analysis of count data (Vol. 53). Cambridge university press. Draper, N.R. and Smith, H., 2014. Applied regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Kleinbaum, D.G., Kupper, L.L., Nizam, A. and Rosenberg, E.S., 2013. Applied regression analysis and other multivariable methods. Nelson Education. Montgomery, D.C., Peck, E.A. and Vining, G.G., 2015. Introduction to linear regression analysis. John Wiley Sons. Sanderson, E. and Windmeijer, F., 2016. A weak instrument F-test in linear IV models with multiple endogenous variables. Journal of Econometrics, 190(2), pp.212-221. Seber, G.A. and Lee, A.J., 2012. Linear regression analysis (Vol. 936). John Wiley Sons. Sen, A. and Srivastava, M., 2012. Regression analysis: theory, methods, and applications. Springer Science Business Media.

Spinoza And Free Will Essay Example For Students

Spinoza And Free Will Essay There are many great philosophical ideas and questions that are known and of course unknown. One of the questions that really enticed my interest was the question of whether or not we have free will. I myself was once a believer of people having free will and doing what I want was my choice and my choice alone. However, after careful consideration and lectures I have been reversed in how I believe in free will. Is there any free will though? Many people would say yes there is and of course there are some who believe that free will is a fallacy and not to be believed. Whether or not there is free will is yet to be determined but what we have to go on and by is from philosophers and every person who has their two cents to fill in. In this discussion of philosophy there will be points made for and against the establishment of free will and basis for judgement of free will exists or not. Spinoza, Paul, Augustine, Luther have all grappled with this question of free will for many years. What has been said goes to a religious side. Which has been believed of an omnipotent God who will preordain who would be saved and who would be lost. In the simple but complex question in the book of whether or not you slept in late or not, and has been said that God knew you would. With the explanation of the book in its words go as follows; This means that you could not have not slept late this morning, because God knew you would sleep in late this morning. Which does bring an interesting part to the ever growing discussion of free will is how could you have slept in on your own free will when in fact it was already known that you were going to sleep in late? The belief that God knows everything and all things big and small does highly contrast with the fact of if we have free will or not. There are many different views on the way free will is looked upon, but there are other cases t hat can show that human body does not have free will. Is there something that governs our bodies, that controls them in ways where we have no clue that it has happened until seconds to minutes after the act has been done? A simple case to see if are bodies are governed is by taking a look at people with handicaps. All of the quadriplegic and paraplegic people in the world, they do not have the ability to move their arms or their legs whenever they feel like it because of damage to their nerve cords in multiple places in the back and neck region. Spinoza has been a supporter for non free will and that the laws of physics govern material bodies, and what happens to a material body is completely determined by what happened before. This happened because the mental and material are one and the same, what ends up happening in the minds is as inevitable as what happens in the material bodies. To do a perfect quote from the book, Everything was, is and will be exactly as it must be. On the other hand of free will the side of whether or not free will does exist there are many who believe that free will not only exists but also thrives as we speak. There are many different examples of why and how free will is there. Many have said that because I can do this because I just said I can and I am doing it right now whether it be waving a hand or just plain walking. There are reactions that we can control in the human body, we can voluntarily move our arms, legs, hands, feet and so forth but we can also decided when we use the restroom and even how we talk (we can lower or raise our voice). With the including of God into the talks of philosophical ideas, many can easily dismiss the fact if there is an omnipotent God then the fact of free will being affected is said to be a bunch of words. There is an argument for free will stating if there was none, how could the life of a human or metaphysical being ever be able to go on with life? These are many different ideas when it come s to metaphysical science and the questions. .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .postImageUrl , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:hover , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:visited , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:active { border:0!important; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:active , .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1c32ec2a2792f7e2c6d1a407b18cd90f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Skin Cancer EssayIn conclusion, there is still a lot to be determined whether or not that free will does exist. There has been many factors that go towards the belief in free will and the beliefs that free will does not exist. This question has been philosophized for many years and most likely for many more years to come, and with most philosophical ideas the answer is never easy to find or if it is even there. I myself have been inquisitive on whether or not there is such thing as free will or if it is just a big hoax tying to get people to take the bait. After many lectures and discussions about the relationship of free will with God and how it clashes, with talking to c lassmates and talking to the teacher and what others believe. I have taken a lean towards the fact that there is no such thing as free will, if are bodies are not able to function properly without all the components working then how can anybody say that I have Free will. In my mind it is a simple answer: If there is free will then why cant people who are quadriplegic or paraplegic sort walking or move their legs at all? In my mind, there is no free will. Moore,Brooke And Kenneth Bruder. Philosophy: The Power Of Ideas. 4th ed. Mountainview, California: Mayfield Publishing, 1996.

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Evolution Evidence essays

Evolution Evidence essays Evolution is the process of developmental unfolding that takes place over a long period of time, and starts with a simple form then gradually grows into a more complex organism. Humans, for example, have been evolving for about eight million years to mold us into what we are today. Evolution has been an extraordinary adventure through time: the evidence is the storyteller. All life started from a simple being and has stemmed to become more complex by two dominating factors natural selection and mutation. These are the key to evolutionary change and result in the complexity of the organism, therefore increases the survival rate. An example of this is used on girraffes. It starts with a mutation, imagine them before their long towering necks; the first giraffe that ever began to have one, was able to survive better than the one's that did not. This mutation is now beneficial to the giraffe because the food source on the ground was beginning to become scarce. By natural selection, the giraffe with the mutated long neck has a better chance of survival. They reproduce and pass down their modified genes, and eventually obtaining the leaves on the high trees are the only way to survive. This process spreads like the common cold in the winter; thus giraffes have long necks. Evolution is a fact of life. There is much debate whether evolution is fact or fiction. Fictions explanation for how the world is to the present date, begins with all humans were created in the image of God. The first two humans he created was a male and female: Adam and Eve. This theory has been proven false. There is a whole timeline of changes that humans have gone through since they had their first mutation, and stood on two feet instead of four like their closest relative: the ape. Three factual evidences that supports evolution's records in the journey through time are fossils records, biochemical similarit ...

Feminism and Postmodernism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Feminism and Postmodernism - Essay Example In particular, the so-called postmodernist feminism has challenged the claims that observed differences between men and women are necessary and that women have an essence that justifies their subordinating position in society. Central to the postmodernist understanding of society is the belief that the grand or totalizing principles of modernity and the Enlightenment - including appeals to rationality, progress, humanity, and justice - have been completely undermined. This line of reasoning emerges from poststructuralist critiques of language, subjectivity, and representation. In other words, where poststructuralists criticized the foundations of modernism, postmodernists read these critiques as mandates for rejecting foundations altogether (Stabile 1995). European postmodernists, like Jean-Francois Lyotard, have expressed the belief that Marxism, like the Enlightenment in general, culminated in Stalinism because of its totalizing impulses. Some postmodernists have gone much further than this identification of Marxism with Soviet-style systems, holding Marxism responsible for all kinds of oppression. Twentieth-century Marxism has used the generalizing categories of production and class to delegitimize demands of women, black people, gays, lesbians, and others whose oppression cannot be reduced to economics. This kind of judgment dramatically displays yet another feature of postmodernism: its historical amnesia. Marxism and socialist organizations in general have been repeatedly marginalized and delegitimized by capitalism. Postmodernism is full of confusions and contradictions, nevertheless, it is based on some unifying principles such as non-critical and idealistic focus on the construction of real as well as examination of the concept of difference. For example, if the society is not able to identify any interests which might unite it, then the only mean to unify people is based on identity differences. This Marx's so-called unity in differences or the identity of interests shared by people and represented by the political institutions was rejected by postmodernists who did not accept any form of presentation in favour of the particular difference (Stabile 1995). Feminism From the first glance, feminism seems to be more accessible than postmodernism and refers to the females as the political unity with the identifiable electorate. Feminism shares with postmodernism the idea of rejection of historical materialism. Notably, the contemporary theories of feminism do not reject the idea of system and totality, but rather elaborates its own analysis in which male domination is seen as the alternative or confederate of capitalism. Thus, women, being oppressed by male dominating system, share the common interest to oppose it. At its beginning, feminism was both intellectual and political movement: to help women in understanding their oppressed position and to promote the changes in society in terms of gender issue. Early feminists organized as the distinct class with radical intentions (Tong 1989). Essentialism argument (the foundation of category "women" from biological perspective) and anti-essentialism argument ("women" seen as the historically and socially constructed group) are essential to understanding feministic assumptions. Essentialists believed that women have similar characteristics upon which political action can be founded. While, anti-essentialists claimed that labels "male" and "female" were not fixed